Tau txais koj lub sijhawm drip irrigation thiab kev txhaj tshuaj chiv yog qhov tseem ceeb. Tab sis ntawm no yog cov xov xwm zoo: ib qho ntse, cov ntaub ntawv-raws li lub tswv yim rau drip irrigation fertilization yog koj daim pib rau kev siv cov zaub mov zoo dua, tsawg pov tseg, thiab noj qab haus huv, siab dua - qoob loo. Phau ntawv qhia no muab ib daim ntawv qhia ua tiav rau koj.
Ⅰ. Ua ntej -Application Design
Txhaj tshuaj tsis muaj phiaj xwm zoo li tsav tsheb dig muag. Koj txoj kev npaj yuav tsum muaj plaub tug ncej.
⑴ Ua ntej, sim koj cov av thiab dej kom huv si. Qhov no qhia koj tias cov as-ham uas twb muaj lawm thiab cov teeb meem dab tsi uas koj xav tau los tswj, xws li pH siab lossis ntsev.
⑵ Thib ob, paub tias koj cov qoob loo xav tau dab tsi. Cov kev cai no hloov pauv loj heev thaum cov nroj tsuag loj hlob los ntawm cov noob mus rau sau.
⑶ Thib peb, xaiv cov chiv kom zoo zoo. Xyuas kom tseeb tias lawv yaj tag nrho - cov chiv tsis soluble yuav txhaws koj lub cev. Xyuas kom lawv ua haujlwm zoo ua ke thiab yuav tsis cuam tshuam nrog koj cov dej pH. Piv txwv li, sib tov qee cov ntawv calcium nrog sulfates tsim gypsum crystals uas yuav rhuav tshem koj lub cev. Kev ywg dej tsis sib xws txhais tau hais tias tsis sib xws fertilizing. Qee cov nroj tsuag tau ntau dhau thiab raug kev txom nyem hauv paus hlawv. Lwm tus tau tsawg dhau thiab ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab qaug zog.
⑷ Plaub, suav cov nqi txhaj tshuaj thiab sijhawm. Qhov no yog lub plawv ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj chiv lub sijhawm. Nws ua kom cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo mus txog cov hauv paus hniav rau lub sijhawm zoo.
Ⅱ. Qoob loo-Tshwj xeeb Fertilization Schedules
Cov hauv paus chiv keeb siv tau txhua qhov chaw, tab sis koj siv lawv li cas yog qhov tshwj xeeb heev. Lub sij hawm drip irrigation ua tiav yuav tsum ua kom haum txhua cov qoob loo cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb xav tau thaum nws loj hlob. Cov sij hawm no yog cov ntsiab lus pib. Kho lawv raws li koj qhov kev sim av, kev nyab xeeb, thiab qoob loo ntau yam.
⒈ Strawberry Fertigation Schedule
Strawberries muaj kev hloov pauv kev xav tau uas hloov pauv ntawm nplooj loj hlob mus rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Tswj N-P-K tshuav nyiaj li cas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas cov nroj tsuag loj nrog siab - cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo.
Thaum ntxov loj hlob xav tau nitrogen rau nplooj, tab sis lub hom phiaj sai sai hloov mus rau poov tshuaj. Potassium yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev thauj mus los ntawm lub zog, kev tsim cov piam thaj hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab tag nrho cov nroj tsuag muaj zog.
|
Kev loj hlob theem |
Duration (Lub Ob Hlis) |
Ntsiab Nutrient Focus |
Piv txwv Daim Ntawv Thov (ib acre ib lub lim tiam) |
Sau ntawv |
|
Kev tsim kho |
1-3 |
Phosphorus (P) rau hauv paus kev loj hlob |
1-2 lbs N, 3-4 lbs P2O5 |
Siv cov chiv chiv. Saib xyuas cov hauv paus kev loj hlob. |
|
Zaub |
4-8 |
Nitrogen (N) rau canopy |
3-5 lbs N, 2-3 lbs K2O |
Siv NPK sib npaug li 20-20-20. Kho N raws li nplooj xim. |
|
Paj tawg |
9-12 |
Potassium (K), boron (B) |
2-3 lbs N, 6-8 lbs K2O |
Hloov mus rau high -K formula. K yog qhov tseem ceeb rau paj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. |
|
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo |
13+ |
High Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca) |
2-3 lbs N, 8-12 lbs K2O |
Siv Calcium Nitrate cais kom tsis txhob tawg paj -kawg rot thiab txhim kho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo khov. |
⒉ Pob Kws Fertigation Schedule
Field pob kws noj cov as-ham hnyav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nitrogen. Kev txhaj tshuaj chiv tso cai rau koj "dawb- pub" nitrogen kom haum raws nraim thaum cov qoob loo tuaj yeem siv tau. Qhov no minimizes poob thiab maximizes efficiency.
Lub qhov rais tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev loj hlob sai (V7 rau VT), qhov twg cov nroj tsuag nqus ntau tshaj 50% ntawm lawv cov kev xav tau nitrogen tag nrho. Nco ntsoov nitrogen txaus nyob rau lub sijhawm no thiab koj yuav txwv tsis pub muaj peev xwm tawm los mus tas li.
|
Kev loj hlob theem |
Ntsiab Nutrient Focus |
Piv txwv Daim Ntawv Thov Tswv Yim (% ntawm Tag Nrho N) |
Sau ntawv |
|
Thaum Ntxov (V1-V6) |
Pib P, Moderate N |
Thov ~ 25% ntawm tag nrho N |
Tsim kom muaj cov hauv paus hniav muaj zog thiab kev loj hlob thaum ntxov, teeb tsa cov peev txheej tawm los. |
|
Kev loj hlob sai (V7-VT) |
Nitrogen siab (N) |
Thov ~ 50% ntawm tag nrho N nyob rau hauv 2-4 phua txhaj tshuaj |
Qhov no yog lub qhov rais tseem ceeb rau N uptake. Saib xyuas nrog cov ntaub so ntswg. |
|
Kev yug me nyuam (R1-R6) |
Potassium (K), Tseem Ceeb N |
Thov kawg ~ 25% ntawm N ua ntej R1 |
K yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sau qoob loo, stalk lub zog, thiab drought kam rau ua. |
⒊ Zaub Fertigation Schedule
Cov qoob loo zoo li txiv lws suav thiab kua txob ua raws li tus qauv zoo ib yam li strawberries. Lawv xav tau kev loj hlob zoo thaum ntxov ua raws li qhov hnyav ntawm cov poov tshuaj thiab calcium xav tau rau siab - txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo.
Ntau dhau nitrogen thaum lub sij hawm vegetative theem yog ib qho yuam kev. Nws tsim loj, zoo nkauj nroj tsuag nrog gorgeous nplooj tab sis ncua sij hawm thiab txo flowering thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Precision fertilizer daim ntawv thov pab tswj qhov sib npaug me me.
|
Kev loj hlob theem |
Ntsiab Nutrient Focus |
Piv txwv Daim Ntawv Thov Tswv Yim |
Sau ntawv |
|
Hloov cog |
Phosphorus (P) |
Siv cov kev daws teeb meem pib siab hauv P (piv txwv li, 10-52-10). |
Pab txo cov kev hloov pauv poob siab thiab txhawb kev tsim cov hauv paus sai. |
|
Kev loj hlob |
Nitrogen (N) |
Daim ntawv thov txhua lub limtiam ntawm kev sib npaug NPK (piv txwv li, 20-20-20). |
Tsis txhob ntau dhau N. Lub hom phiaj yog ib lub thav duab muaj zog, tsis yog hav zoov. |
|
Fruit Set & Development |
Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca) |
Nce K piv (piv txwv li, 1-1-2 NPK). Siv Calcium Nitrate cais. |
K tsav cov piam thaj thauj mus rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Ca yog qhov tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv kev tawg paj - kawg rot. |
⒋ Teem caij kas fes Fertigation
Rau siab -nqi ntev- cov qoob loo xws li kas fes, drip irrigation fertilization tsis yog hais txog kev tawm los xwb - nws yog hais txog qhov zoo. Thaum twg thiab dab tsi koj thov ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau lub khob kawg profile.
Qhov kev pab cuam yog cyclical. Tsom ntsoov rau kev txhim kho cov nroj tsuag tom qab sau qoob loo thiab txhawb kev loj hlob tshiab rau xyoo tom ntej cov qoob loo. Cov micronutrients zoo li Boron thiab zinc yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev paj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Potassium thiab magnesium tswj thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob ntawm cherry cais qhov zoo ntawm qhov zoo.
Kev tshawb fawb qhia meej tias kas fes zoo txuas ncaj qha rau kev noj zaub mov kom zoo thaum lub caij cog qoob loo. Potassium yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txav cov suab thaj thiab cov kua qaub rau hauv taum.
|
Kev loj hlob theem (Post-Sau) |
Ntsiab Nutrient Focus |
Piv txwv Daim Ntawv Thov Tswv Yim |
Sau ntawv |
|
Zaub Flush (Post-Rainy) |
Nitrogen siab (N) |
Siv ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm N txhua xyoo los txhawb kev loj hlob tshiab. |
Qhov kev loj hlob tshiab no yuav dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau xyoo tom ntej. |
|
Paj tawg |
Boron (B), Zinc (Zn) |
Ua ntej - paj daim ntawv thov ntawm fertigation los yog foliar spray. |
Qhov tseem ceeb rau pollen viability thiab maximizing txiv hmab txiv ntoo. |
|
Kev loj hlob ntawm Cherry |
Balanced NPK |
Nyob ruaj khov, sib npaug daim ntawv thov thoob plaws lub sijhawm ntev no. |
Khaws ib lub hav txwv yeem noj qab haus huv los txhawb cov cherries loj hlob. |
|
Cherry Maturation / Sau |
Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg) |
Hloov mus rau siab -K cov qauv hauv qhov kawg 8-10 lub lis piam. |
K yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov taum loj, qhov ntom ntom, thiab kev thauj mus los ntawm cov suab thaj. Mg yog ib feem ntawm chlorophyll. |
Ⅲ. Tshaj qhov hauv paus: Optimization
Ua raws li lub sijhawm teem tseg yog qhov pib zoo. Tab sis kev txawj ntse tiag tiag los ntawm kev tsim cov lus tawm tswv yim. Qhov no txhais tau tias txav dhau ntawm cov zaub mov txawv thiab nquag ntsuas koj qhov kev ua tau zoo los ua cov ntaub ntawv - tsav kev txhim kho. Qhov no yog li cas koj qhib lub peev xwm ntawm koj thaj av, qoob loo, thiab kev nqis peev.
⒈ Ib Case Study in Coffee
Xav txog ib qho kev tshawb fawb tshuaj xyuas cov tswv yim sib txawv ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj rau lub sijhawm ntawm Arabica kas fes. Cov pab pawg tswj tau txais tag nrho cov caij nyoog nitrogen hauv ib daim ntawv thov loj tom qab sau. Cov pab pawg sim tau txais tib qho tag nrho nitrogen faib ua peb theem: 40% tom qab- sau qoob rau kev loj hlob, 30% nruab nrab- loj hlob, thiab 30% ua ntej paj.
Cov txiaj ntsig tau zoo kawg li. Spliting lub ntsiab nitrogen daim ntawv thov rau hauv peb theem nce cherry tawm los ntawm 15%. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov taum ntsuab kawg tau pom tias muaj kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas muaj ntxhiab.
Daim ntawv thov phased tsis yog tsuas yog tsim kas fes ntau dua -nws tsim kas fes zoo dua. Qhov qhab nia cupping yog ob peb lub ntsiab lus siab dua rau pawg xeem. Cov lus qhia meej: thaum koj fertilize teeb meem ntau npaum li qhov koj fertilize nrog.
⒉ Koj Nyob ntawm - Cov Khoom Siv Ua liaj ua teb
Ob peb yam yooj yim, muaj zog cov cuab yeej muab cov ntaub ntawv uas koj xav tau los kho koj lub sijhawm dej ntws.
⑴ Ua ntej, siv cov av tsis tu ncua thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Xav txog lawv ua ib khub kuaj mob. Kev ntsuam xyuas av qhia tias muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj nyob hauv cov av. Cov nplooj ntawv kuaj pom tias cov nroj tsuag tau nqus thiab siv dab tsi. Ua ua ntej -season test av los tsim koj lub hauv paus phiaj xwm. Tom qab ntawd siv nruab nrab- caij nplooj ntoos hlav tsom xam (xws li thaum lub paj tseem ceeb) kom pom tias koj txoj kev npaj ua haujlwm thiab ua tiag tiag - lub sijhawm hloov kho.
⑵ Thib ob, teeb tsa yooj yim ntawm -kev sim ua liaj ua teb. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua ncaj ncees. Xaiv peb kab uas nyob ib sab hauv ib cheeb tsam uas tsis sib xws. Thawj kab yog koj qhov kev tswj hwm - nws tau txais koj cov txheej txheem kev pab cuam. Qhov thib ob kab yog Test A, qhov twg koj hloov ib qho kev sib txawv, xws li nce poov tshuaj los ntawm 15% thaum lub sij hawm sau txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Qhov thib peb kab yog Test B, qhov twg koj sim sib txawv chiv lub sij hawm txhaj tshuaj. Sau cov kab kom meej meej, tswj lawv ib yam li lwm yam, thiab taug qab cov txiaj ntsig thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov kab no xwb. Qhov no muab cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog, qhov chaw - tshwj xeeb.
⑶ Peb, siv tshuab. Hauv -kab hluav taws xob Conductivity (EC) thiab pH sensors muab cov ntaub ntawv tiag tiag - lub sijhawm ntawm cov khoom noj uas koj tab tom thov. Av noo noo soj ntsuam xyuas kom koj nyob nraum watering kom raug, tiv thaiv leaching los yog drought stress. Kev tswj hwm kev ua liaj ua teb pab taug qab txhua daim ntawv thov, kev soj ntsuam, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau los, hloov cov ntaub ntawv nyoos rau hauv kev nkag siab zoo nyob rau lub sijhawm.
⒊ Cov Lus Teb Loop
Evaluation aims to close the loop: Plan -> Apply -> Measure ->Kho. Cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev sim av, tshuaj xyuas nplooj, thiab ntawm - kev sim ua liaj ua teb tsis yog qhov tseeb txaus nyiam xwb - lawv yog cov lus qhia rau lub caij tom ntej.
Piv txwv li, yog tias koj cov nplooj tsom xam rau cov txiv lws suav tsis tu ncua qhia ciam teb tsis muaj poov tshuaj thaum lub sij hawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo sau, txawm tias siv qhov zoo li txaus, xyoo tom ntej txoj kev npaj hloov. Koj tuaj yeem ua kom cov poov tshuaj nce ntxiv thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, sim ua daim ntawv potassium ntxiv, lossis kho lub sijhawm txhaj tshuaj kom xa nws thaum cov nroj tsuag xav tau ntau tshaj.
Lub voj voog txuas ntxiv no yog kev ua liaj ua teb precision. Nws hloov koj cov dej drip irrigation fertilization program los ntawm cov lus qhia zoo li qub rau hauv lub cev muaj zog, ua haujlwm zoo uas txhim kho txhua xyoo.
Ⅳ. Xaus
Kev paub txog koj lub sijhawm drip irrigation thiab chiv lub sij hawm yog ib qho kev taug kev ntawm precision, kev soj ntsuam, thiab kev hloov mus tas li. Txoj kev mus rau optimization ua rau peb lub hauv paus ncej.
• Ua ntej, tsim kom muaj lub hauv paus kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo nrog kev pom zoo thiab cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm.
• Thib ob, siv cov qoob loo- cov sij hawm tshwj xeeb drip irrigation fertilization raws li koj cov nroj tsuag cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb ntawm txhua theem loj hlob.
• Thaum kawg, thiab tseem ceeb tshaj, cog lus rau kev ntsuam xyuas thiab kev ua kom zoo, siv cov ntaub ntawv los kho koj lub tswv yim txhua lub caij.